[63], Bhairava is one of the eight forms of Shiva, and translation of the adjectival form as "terrible" or "frightful". Despite the low fertility rate in Tamil Nadu, the population has continued to grow. The shape of class system in rural Tamil Nadu has changed dramatically because of land reform acts like 'Green Revolution'. After winning the Polygar wars, the East India Company consolidated most of southern India into the Madras Presidency coterminous with the dominions of Nizam of Hyderabad. 'Advanced History of India', K.A.Nilakanta Sastri (1970)p. 181-182, Allied Publishers Pvt. Architecturally when there are separate shrines dedicated to the utsava(festival deity) of Somaskanda, they are called Thyagaraja shrines. The city has a rich history and culture which can be seen in various attractions dotted here. They were expelled by the Pallavas and the Pandyas in the sixth century. [45] In modern times, there are separate temples for Ganesha in Tamil Nadu. Thiruvaduthurai Adheenam is a mutt based in the town of Thiruvaduthurai in Kuthalam taluk of Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, India. The population is also comprised of various indigenous communities. Tolkappiyam, possibly the most ancient of the extant Sangam works, dated between the 3rd century BCE and 5th century CE glorified Murugan, the favoured god of the Tamils. Name Status Similar practices exist among the Kannada and Telugu non-Brahmin castes and Dravidian tribes of Central India. 42-43, at. It is located two blocks from the huge Madurai Meenakshi Amman Temple, one of the most famous Siva-Shakthi shrines in the world. Tamil Nadu has a total population of 81.5 million, making it the seventh most populous state in India. Hinduism is the largest religion in Tamil Nadu. The total population of Erode is 157101 out of which 78222 are males and 78879 are females. 48% of the population lives in urban spots, one of the highest in the nation. According to the data, the Hindu population in Tamil Nadu saw an increase of 14.91 per cent between 2001 and 2011. The twelve Azhwars (saint poets of Vaishnavite tradition) and sixty-three Nayanmars (saint poets of Shaivite tradition) are regarded as exponents of the bhakti tradition of Hinduism in South India. In 1969, Madras State was renamed Tamil Nadu, meaning Tamil country. [51][52][53] The form is present in most Shiva temples in South India, and is the main deity in the famous temple at Chidambaram. As per 2011 Census Tamil nadu population religion wise, Hinduism is the largest religion with 63 million - 87.5%, followed by Muslim with 5.8%, Christianity with 6%. Hinduism in Tamil Nadu finds its earliest literary mention in the Sangam literature dated to the 5th century BCE. With a total human count of 76 million people, Tamil Nadu is one of the well developed states of South India. Contents: Subdivision. [19] As of 1987, there were a total of 15 Shiva temples under the control of the adheenam. But the cult was not popular and Somaskanda images were relegated to subshrines. To propiate these gods, the villagers make sacrifices of meat (usually goats) and arrack, which is then shared among all the village. English is used as an additional official language for communication purposes. This trend is set to accelerate. [29][30][31][32] Since then a succession of forty-six ascetics known as "Azhagiya Singar" have headed the monastic order. [22][23][24] Athivan Sathakopa, a Vadakalai Brahmin,[25] who was a great grand disciple of Vedanta Desika[26][27] and a sishya of Brahmatantra Swatantra Jiyar of Parakala Mutt,[28] founded and established the Muth, based on the Pancharatra tradition. Though it is a Sanskrit name, it is a Tamil concept and Somaskandas are not found in North Indian temples. He is considered to be the son of Shiva and Parvati. [43] K. A. Nilakanta Sastri (1963:57-58) thinks that Pallavas adopted the Ganesa motif from Chalukyas. The state adds over 1.2 million people to its current population every year. [46] Tolkappiyam, possibly the most ancient of the extant Sangam works, dated between the 3rd century BCE and 5th century CE glorified Murugan, " the red god seated on the blue peacock, who is ever young and resplendent," and " the favoured god of the Tamils.". But soon the population will touch an alarmingly low level, that is soon it will become fraction. As per the 2011 census, there were 44 lakh Christians in Tamil Nadu, which is roughly six percent of the state’s population. It comprises 51,837,507 literates, with a literacy rate of 80.3%. Tamil Nadu has the lowest fertility rate in India of 1.7%, which is below the rate required for population sustainability. [78], The examples and perspective in this article, Rule of Nawabs, Nizams and British (1692–1947), Some of the famous Hindu pilgrimage sites in Tamil Nadu. Paranjothi, the general of Pallavas who defeated Chalukyas. 'Muni' means 'saint' and 'iswara' represents 'Shiva'. The population development of all urban agglomerations and single cities in Tamil Nādu with more than 20,000 inhabitants by census years. (1971). Hinduism in Tamil Nadu finds its earliest literary mention in the Sangam literature dated to the 5th century BCE. Tamil Nadu is the eleivent lairgest state in Indie bi aurie an the seivent maist populous state in Indie. In the late 18th century, the western parts of Tamil Nadu, came under the dominions of Hyder Ali and later Tipu Sultan, particularly with their victory in the Second Anglo-Mysore War. [59] All temples in the Thygaraja cult have images of Somaskandar as Thyagarajar - though iconographically similar, they are iconologically different. The city has a rapid growth rate of approximately 17.8%. Coimbatore is the second biggest city in Tamil Nadu nestling with the Western Ghats. The saint Appar was involved in Uzhavatru padai, a cleaning and remodification initiative of dilapidated Shiva temples. With a total of 72,147,030 people living in the state, Tamil Nadu is ranked at 6th in terms of state-wise population in India. Tamil Nadu borders Andhra Pradesh to its south, Karnataka to its southeast, and Kerala to its east. Tamil Nadu is a well-developed state in South India known for its Hindu temples. This empire lasted for almost two centuries till the defeat of Vijayanagara in the Battle of Talikota in 1565. The Nemili city is divided into 15 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. The total number of Tamil Hindus as per 2011 Indian census is 63,188,168[10] which forms 87.58% of the total popualation of Tamil Nadu. Madurai is Tamil Naduâs third-largest city with a population of 1.7 million people. Tâmil Nadu fica no sudeste da península indiana e faz fronteira com os estados de Puducherry (Pondicherry), Querala, Carnataca e Andra Pradexe. [72], The Self-Respect Movement is a movement with the aim of achieving a society where backward castes have equal human rights,[73] and encouraging backward castes to have self-respect in the context of a caste based society that considered them to be a lower end of the hierarchy. Tamil Nadu, state of India, located in the extreme south of the country. Tamil Nadu has the largest number of international airports in India and the largest bus terminal in Asia. The period started with the rivalry between the Pandyas and the Pallavas, which in turn caused the revival of the Cholas. Composers of Tevaram - the Tamil saint poets of 7th century namely Appar, Tirugnana Sambandar and Sundarar with the 9th-century poet Manickavasagar, the composer of Tiruvacakam were saints of Shaivism. Hinduism is the largest religion of Tamil Nadu. km) 480 Literates 40524545 TAMIL-NADU ke provincial symbols. This period was also that of the re-invigorated Hinduism during which temple building and religious literature were at their best.[4]. Tamil is the language spoken in Tamil Nadu. [48], Lingothbhavar or emergence of linga, found in various puranas as a symbol of Shiva, augments the synthesis of the old cults of pillar and phallic worship. The total number of Hindus in Tamil Nadu as per 2011 Indian census is 63,188,168 which forms 87.58% of the total population of Tamil Nadu. His name was derived as a result of his association with the southern city of Madurai as a protector of the city. The Cheras ruled in southern India from before the Sangam era (300 BCE – 250 CE) over the Coimbatore, Karur, Salem Districts in present-day Tamil Nadu and present day Kerala from the capital of Vanchi Muthur in the west, (thought to be modern Karur). Karuppu Sami (Tamil: கருப்புசாமி) (also called by many other names) is one of the regional Tamil male deities who is popular among the rural social groups of South India, especially Tamil Nadu and small parts of Kerala. The earliest reference to Aiynar-Shasta includes two or more hero stones to hunting chiefs from the Arcot district in Tamil Nadu. Includes estimated population of Paomata, Mao Maram and Purul sub-divisions of Senapati District of Manipur for 2001. [68], Madurai Veeran (Tamil: மதுரை வீரன், Maturai Vīraņ lit. Hinduism is a diverse system of thought with beliefs spanning monotheism, polytheism, panentheism, pantheism, monism, atheism, agnosticism, gnosticism among others;[33][34][35][36] and its concept of God is complex and depends upon each individual and the tradition and philosophy followed. AE5.E447 1974 031 73-11206, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "(52) The dynasties of Magadh after the Mahabharat war and the important historical personalities (Gautam Buddh, Chandragupt Maurya, Jagadguru Shankaracharya, and Vikramaditya)", "Page Two - (53) Chronological chart of the history of Bharatvarsh since its origination", Pg.557 The History and Culture of the Indian People: The Delhi sultanate; Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Bhāratīya Itihāsa Samiti, Pg.211 Report on the inscriptions of the Devasthanam collection, with illustrations, Sadhu Subrahmanya Sastry, Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta Sastri, K.P. [71] As per 2001 census, there was a total of 11,857,504 people in Scheduled castes (SC) constituting 19 percent of Tamil Nadu and 7.1 percent of SC population in India. During the fourth to eighth centuries century CE, Tamil Nadu saw the rise of the Pallavas under Mahendravarman I and his son Mamalla Narasimhavarman I. The dance of Shiva in Tillai, the traditional name for Chidambaram, forms the motif for all the depictions of Shiva as Nataraja. According to the 2011 census, Tamil Nadu has 87.6% Hindus, 6.1% Christians, and 5.9% Muslims, 0.1% Jains, and 0.3% other religions or no religion. [72] The literacy rate (who can read, write and understand) among these stands at 63.2 percent which is lower than the 73.5 state level literacy rate. Muneeswarar (Tamil முனீஸ்வரன்) is a Hindu god. Abode to a number of historic monuments, multi-religious pilgrimage sites, hill stations and world heritage sites, the state is one of the popular tourist destinations. The head of this Matha is the heredetary Acharya of the Mysore Royal Family. As per, 2011 Census of India, Scheduled Castes constitute 20.01% of Tamilnadu's 72 million population. Tamil Nadu Let women rule for 2.5 years: Tamil Nadu Deputy CM Panneerselvam Tamil Nadu The Hindu announces Margazhi competition for young Indian classical musicians [49] The idea emerged from deity residing in a pillar and later visualised as Shiva emerging from the lingam[40] The lingothbhavar image can be found in the first precinct around the sanctum in the wall exactly behind the image of Shiva. The population sex ratio for Tamil Nadu has increased from 974 females per 1,000 males in 1991 to 986 in 2001. This list is based on the 2011 census conducted by Government of India. The city is known for being entrepreneurial and is one of the quickest developing urban zones in India. These classes in turn are grouped into social groups especially in rural areas. The Hindu temples were kept intact during this period, and there is no notable destruction recorded. This is true of most States. [20], Dharmapuram Adheenam is a mutt based in the town of Mayiladuthurai, India. Mahendra Varman was principally a Buddhist, but converted to Hinduism by the influence of Saivite saints. In 2018, the state population was recorded to be 80,351,195. [58] It is the form of Shiva where he is accompanied by Skanda the child and Paravati his consort[59] in sitting posture. The population development of the State of Tamil Nādu by census years. The icon links to further information about a selected division including its population structure (gender, urbanization, population group, literacy (a7+), age groups). [14], The Smartha or the Aryan ritualistic form of Hinduism was introduced into the Tamil lands closer to the 5-6th century AD, it soon became the standard form of Hinduism in the Tamil country and was propagated as such by the different ruling dynasties in Tamil Nadu, the Shaivate and Vaishnavate moments started as a result of this introduction. In Chola times Bhairava is referred as Bikshadanar, a mendicant, and the image can be found in most Chola temples.[65]. Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 6370 which is 10.37 % of total population of Ramanathapuram (M). Both parties are populist with a generally social democratic orientation. Madurai Adheenam is the oldest Saivite Matha in South India established around 600 CE by saint Campantar. But they have not change their religion legally as they will lose benefit of reservation. Encyclopedia International, by Grolier Incorporated Copyright in Canada 1974. It is the seicont lairgest state economy in Indie as o 2012. [69], Kālī (Tamil: காளி) is the Hindu goddess associated with power, shakti. When India became independent in 1947, Madras Presidency became Madras State, comprising present day Tamil Nadu, coastal Andhra Pradesh, South Canara district Karnataka, and parts of Kerala. During Kalabhras' rule Jainism flourished in the land of the Tamils and Hinduism was suppressed. The Mutt was first established by Brahmatantra Swatantra Jeeyar, a disciple of SriVedanta Desika by 1268 A.D. Ltd., New Delhi, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMichaels2004 (, Hinduism: Beliefs and Practices, by Jeanne Fowler, pgs. Warrior of Madurai) is a Tamil folk deity popular in southern Tamil Nadu. A Delhi Tamil Sangam Publication. Marudamalai Temple of the city is the most visited place here dedicated to the Hindu deity Lord Murugan. From 2001 to 2011, Tamil Naduâs population grew 15.6%, and currently adds about 1.2 million people to its population every year. A steeply classified class structure existed in Tamil Nadu from around 2000 years because of the correlation in the form of cultivation, population and centralization of political system. Tamil Nadu Population Every Year Population of Madras Presidency in 1871 Census of India – 33,308,225 Population of Madras Presidency in 1881 Census of India – 31,170,631 Population of Tamil speakers in 1951 Census: 26,546,764 (7.43% of total Indian population) While it has an industrial core … [47] The cult of Skanda disappeared during the 6th century and was predominantly expanded during late 7th century Pallava period - Somaskanda sculptured panels of the Pallava period stand as a testament. All other religions like Jains and Buddhists represent less than 1%. The Hayagriva idol worshipped here is said to be handed down from Vedanta Desika.[21]. Coimbatore is well known for its engineering firms, textile industries, educational institutes, and automobile parts manufacturing. [74] It was founded in 1925 by Periyar E. V. Ramasamy (also known as Periyar) in Tamil Nadu, India. She is associated with many other Hindu goddesses like Durga, Bhadrakali, Sati, Rudrani, Parvati and Chamunda. [37], The major worship forms of Shiva temples are for Shiva, Parvathi, Ganesha and Muruga. As per the Census 2011 out of total population of Tamil Nadu, 48.4% people lived in urban regionswhile 51.6% in rural areas. Majority of Sc class has already converted to christianity. He is one of the 21 associate folk-deities of Ayyanar and is hence one of the so-called Kaval Deivams of the Tamils. Only four States among those with a population exceeding 20 million in 2001 - Haryana, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Punjab - report a decline in population sex ratios between 1991 and 2001. [13] Erode Population, Caste, Working population Data of Erode in Erode district, Tamil Nadu. There are also significant numbers of Muslims and Christians in the state. In kerala hindu population has already gone below 51%. As per the Census India 2011, Tamil Nadu has 18524982 households, population of 72147030 of which 36137975 are males and 36009055 are females. It represents the Tamil-speaking area of what was formerly the Madras Presidency of British India. Pathway to God through Tamil literature, Volume 1. Ayyanar (Tamil: ஐயனார்) is worshipped as a guardian deity predominantly in Tamil Nadu and Tamil villages in Sri Lanka. In 2011 census, the 0-4 population was 46.75% Hindu, while the Muslim population was 37.32% and the Christian population was 15.93%. The Kalabhras, invaded and displaced the three Tamil kingdoms and ruled between the third and the seventh centuries CE of the Sangam period. Tamil Nadu Population 2019 –86.3712 Million. A number of political parties in Tamil Nadu, such as Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) and All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) owe their origins to the Self-respect movement,[75] the latter a 1972 breakaway from the DMK. Perumal and his consort Lakshmi are represented in various forms or avatars in Perumal temples in Tamil Nadu. [38], The Lingam is a representation of the Hindu deity Shiva used for worship in Hindu temple. Hinduism is mentioned in the Tamil Sangam literature dated to the 5th century BCE. "[9] As the Vijayanagara Empire went into decline after mid-16th century, the Nayak governors, who were appointed by the Vijayanagar kingdom to administer various territories of the empire, declared their independence. It was under him that Dravidian architecture reached its peak with the Pallava built Hindu temples. Population details. He seems to have originated in some ancestral guardian spirit of the villages or communities in Tamil Nadu, in a similar manner as Ayyanar. These deities are primarily worshipped by the non-Brahmin castes. Pudukkottai remained as a princely state. Christians and Muslims grew by … The population of Chennai is 10.64 million people. As per the Population Census 2011, there are total 43184 families residing in the Erode city. Tamil Nadu. Tirupati Balaji was a Buddhist shrine, Sanjivan Publications, 1991, "Vadakalai Srivaishnava Festivals' Calendar - The source mentions Pancharatra & Munitraya Krishna Jayantis celebrated by Ahobila Mutt & Andavan Ashrams respectively". [66] Literary references to Aiyanar-Cattan is found in Silappatikaram, a Tamil Jainism work dated to the 4th to 5th century C.E. The total muslim population 4.2 million is … Tamil Nadu is a well-developed state in South India known for its Hindu temples. The capital is Chennai, in the northeastern portion of the state. The total number of Tamil Hindus as per 2011 Indian census is 63,188,168[2] which forms 87.58% of the total popualation of Tamil Nadu. [64] Sangam literature does not mention Somaskanda and references in literature are found in the 7th century Tevaram. As per census 2011, Tamil Nadu, has a population of 7,21,47,030 individuals with a decent ratio of males and females. Tamil is the official state language, spoken by the majority of people, along with a number of smaller languages Kannada, Malayalam, and Telugu. (estimated). [54], Dakshinamurthy or Jnana Dakshinamurti(Tamil: தட்சிணாமூர்த்தி, IAST:Dakṣiṇāmūrti)[55] is an aspect of Shiva as a guru (teacher) of all fields. [42] Ganesa is the first son of Shiva and is given the primary importance in all Shiva temples with all worship starting from him. There are 32 districts, 216 Taluks, 15979 villages and 1109 towns in Tamil Nadu. It is currently headed by Sri Arunagirinatha Gnanasambantha Desika Paramacharya. Tamil Nadu has a large agriculture industry as the largest producer of bananas, flowers, tapioca, and turmeric in India. The saivite saints have revered 276 temples in Tevaram and most of them are in Tamil Nadu on both shores of river Cauvery. These gods are primarily worshipped through festivals throughout the year, during important occasions like harvest or sowing time. For description of the form as representing teaching functions, see: Kramrisch, p. 472. By the 9th century CE, during the times of the second Chola monarch Aditya I, his son Parantaka I, Parantaka Chola II itself the Chola empire had expanded into what is now interior Andhra Pradesh and coastal Karnataka, while under the great Rajaraja Chola and his son Rajendra Chola, the Cholas rose as a notable power in south Asia. The population development in Tamil Nadu as well as related information and services (Wikipedia, Google, images). Tamil Nadu is a laund maist kent for its monumental auncient Hindu temples an clessical form o dance Bharata Natyam. Erode is a Munciple Corporation city situated in Erode Taluka of Erode district. As of 1987, there were a total of 27 Shiva temples under the control of the adheenam. Thanks for A2A. [15] A related claim is that Adi Sankara came to Kanchipuram, and that he established the Kanchi mutt named "Dakshina Moolamnaya Sarvagnya Sri Kanchi Kamakoti Peetam" in a position of supremacy (Sarvagnya Peetha) over the other mathas of the subcontinent, before his death there. In addition, worship is not restricted to Sanskrit or a specific caste, but is open to all. On the basis of its average growth in a decade, Tamilnadu was home to 77,881,463 people in 2016. "Sri Krishna & Janmashtami - Essence of Srivaishnava Practices", "Tamil Nadu DATA HIGHLIGHTS : THE SCHEDULED CASTES Census of India 2001", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hinduism_in_Tamil_Nadu&oldid=991257913, Articles needing more viewpoints from December 2011, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 29 November 2020, at 03:37. Bhairava is known as Vairavar in Tamil where he is often presented as a Grama Devata or folk deity who safeguards the devotee on all eight directions. Their decline saw the brief resurgence of the Pandyas. Rank Name District Population 2011 1 … There are few worship forms and practices in Hinduism that are specific to Tamil Nadu. The Cholas went on to becoming a great power. 1.10 per cent of the population belonged to Scheduled tribes (ST) Other Backward Classes (OBCs) form 68% of Tamil nadu population. Tirumurugaruppatai is a deeply devotional poem included in the ten idylls (Pattupattu) of the age of the third Sangam. In modern times, most of the temples are maintained and administered by the Hindu Religious and Endowment Board of the Government of Tamil Nadu. They reconstructed some of the oldest temples in the country such as the Meenakshi Temple. He is worshiped as a family deity in most Shaivite families. Kanchan Sinha, Kartikeya in Indian art and literature, 1979, Delhi: Sundeep Prakashan. This revival was short-lived as the Pandya capital of Madurai itself was sacked by Alauddin Khalji's troops under General Malik Kafur in 1316 CE.[8]. Local legend states the Tamil word Pillayar splits into Pillai and yaar meaning who is this son, but scholars believe it is derived from the Sanskrit word pulisara meaning elephant. [44] During the 7th century, Vatapi Ganapati idol was brought from Badami (Vatapi - Chalukya capital) by Madurai is one of the oldest urban regions in the world and currently serves as one of the centers for industry and education in South Tamil Nadu. Worship of these deities is oftentimes seen as the modern continuation of the Dravidian folk religion followed before the Indo-Aryan arrival into Indian Subcontinent. Ahobila Mutt's Balaji Mandir Pune, Calendar - The calendar mentions Ahobila Mutt disciples celebrating Krishna Jayanti as "Pancharatra Sri Jayanti". The growth rates have been … of Modern Indian History; St. Paul's Press Training School, 1964. Subsequent to this defeat, many incompetent kings succeeded to the throne of Vijayanagara with the result that its grip loosened over its feudatories among whom the Nayaks of Madurai and Tanjore were among the first to declare their independence, despite initially maintaining loose links with the Vijayanagara kingdom. This is followed by another inscription in Uraiyur near Tiruchirapalli which is dated to the 4th century C.E. Pg.57 The history of the Vijayanagar Empire, Volume 1; M. H. Rāma Sharma, Popular Prakashan, 1978. State in India. The state covers an area of 130,058 km sq. Kālī is represented as the consort of Shiva, on whose body she is often seen standing. University Grants Commission, University of Allahabad. Tamil Nadu is home to over 30,000 Hindu temples. British colonial rule led to the emergence of Chennai, the capital and largest city in Tamil Nadu. Coimbatore, Tiruchirapalli, Salem, Madurai, Tirunelveli, Thanjavur and Thoothukudi are other large cities of Tamil Nadu. The state was subsequently split up along linguistic lines. Tâmil Nadu [1] (em tâmil: தமிழ்நாடு, "Terra dos Tâmeis", t̪ɐmɨɻ n̪aːɽɯ) é um dos 28 estados da Índia.A sua capital e maior cidade é Chennai (antigamente chamada de Madras ou, em português, Madrasta). The Nemili Town Panchayat has population of 10,806 of which 5,423 are males while 5,383 are females as per report released by Census India 2011. Between 2001 and 2011, the population grew 15.61%. The Pallavas were replaced by the Cholas as the dominant kingdom in the 10th century C.E and they in turn were replaced by Pandyas in the 13th century CE with their capital as Madurai. The Cholas excelled in building magnificent temples. The Azhwars, the 12 vaishnavite saint poets of 7th-9th century composed the Divya Prabandha, a literary work praising god Vishnu in 4000 verses. The majority of the Tamil Nadu population is comprised of Tamils, speakers of the traditional Dravidian language. [20], Parakala Mutt was the first monastery of the Sri Vaishnava sect of Brahmin Hindu society. While Wallajah was supported by the English, Chanda Shahib was supported by the French by the middle of the 18th century. The Nayaks of Madurai and Nayaks of Thanjavur were most prominent of them all in the 17th century. Tamil Nadu (Tamil: தமிழ்நாடு) is one of the states in India.The capital of this state is Chennai. The present population of Tamil Brahmins might be between 1 to 2 %, but not below 1%. Expats comprise over 20% of the Tamil Nadu population, with the most coming from Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Myanmar. Tamil Nadu is one of state in India with population of 72147030. The twelve Azhwars (saint poets of Vaishnavite tradition) and sixty-three Nayanars (saint poets of Shaivite tradition) are regarded as exponents of the bhakti tradition of Hinduism in South India. It is sometimes referred to as henotheistic (i.e., involving devotion to a single god while accepting the existence of others), but any such term is an overgeneralization. Brihadeshwara Temple in Thanjavur is a classical example of the magnificent architecture of the Chola kingdom. Tamil Nadu recorded a population of 72,147,030, growing by 97.4 lakh persons in the last decade, of which 80.1 per cent are literates, according to the 2011 census. DEMOGRAPHY OF TAMIL NADU: Tamil Nadu is basically the 7th crowded state in the country. Population 62405679 By Sex Male 31400909 Female 31004770 By Area Rural 34921681 Urban 27483998 Density (per Sq. three of the parties emerged prominent - Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK) among Vanniyar, Puthiya Tamilagam among Devendrar and Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi among Paraiyar polled 12 percent vote in the 1999 Loksabha elections. With the decline of the Cholas between 1230 and 1280 CE, the Pandyas rose to prominence once again, under Maravarman Sundara Pandya and his younger brother, the celebrated Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan. [56] The image depicts Shiva as a teacher of yoga, music, and wisdom, and giving exposition on the shastras (vedic texts) to his disciples. The hero stones are dated to the 3rd century C.E. The child poet, Tirugnana Sambandar was involved in converting many people from Buddhism and Jainism to Hinduism. Dept. Name Abbr. [3] The Sangam poetry divided space and Tamil land into five allegorical areas and according to the Tirumurugarruppatai (circa 400-450 A.D.) attributed to the great Sangam poet Nakkiirar, Murugan was the presiding deity of the Kurinci region (hilly area). Unlike the Vedic traditions, these gods generally do not abide in temples but in shrines in the open. Pg.129 Studies in social history:modern India, O. P. Bhatnagar, India. Of the three cities, Madurai has the highest population density of 823 people per square kilometer. The total number of Tamil Hindus as per 2011 Indian census is 63,188,168 which forms 87.58% of the total popualation of Tamil Nadu. Notes: a. [12] Most of them came from the Tamil region and the last of them lived in the 9th century CE. Western Ghats Thygaraja cult have images of Somaskandar as Thyagarajar - though iconographically similar, they are different... ( festival deity ) of the best hospitals `` Pancharatra Sri Jayanti.! And 1109 towns in Tamil Nadu maist populous state in Indie bi aurie an the seivent maist state... Country ( c. 1370 CE ) 30,536 are females 70 ] 57,... O. p. Bhatnagar, India with a population of 1.7 %, in... In temples but in shrines in the ten idylls ( Pattupattu ) of Somaskanda, they are called Thyagaraja.! Dravidian tribes of Central India to validate such claims constitute 20.01 % of well! Awareness, understanding and knowledge Site under `` great Living Chola temples Male... God through Tamil literature, Volume 1 ; M. H. Rāma Sharma, popular Prakashan 1978... History of Tamil Nādu with more than 20,000 inhabitants by census years for... Mutt based in the songs in Tevaram and most of them lived in the sixth century, density... Ratio of males and females average growth in a decade, Tamilnadu was home to over 30,000 Hindu.! Sculptures of Chidambaram large portion of South India tamil nadu hindu population for its vehicle and! Century CE area of 130,058 km sq Kālī ( Tamil: ஐயனார் is. Of 130,058 km sq females to 1000 males lasted for almost two till! Its earliest literary mention in the Himalayas. [ 21 ] grew up in the 9th century CE second city! 1 % Thanjavur and Thoothukudi are other large cities of Tamil Hindus as report. Of 988 against state average of 996 literates 40524545 TAMIL-NADU ke provincial symbols the sixth century ] references. Of Talikota in 1565 parts manufacturing of 1987, there were a total human count of million! Is of 988 against state average of 996 Kālī ( Tamil: காளி ) is a Sanskrit,... These deities is oftentimes seen as the Meenakshi Temple, these gods generally do not abide in temples in... 1 % industries, educational institutes, and currently adds about 1.2 million people Grolier. Set of 276 places having Shiva temples in Tevaram and most of them in... Is hence one of the state population was recorded to be 80,351,195 population was recorded to be the of... Vīraņ lit the form of Shiva temples Delhi: Sundeep Prakashan ] as of 1987, there separate... Three Tamil kingdoms and ruled between the third and the Pallavas, which in turn caused the revival the. The oldest temples in the country coimbatore, Tiruchirapalli, Salem, Madurai has the highest in Erode! More than 20,000 inhabitants by census India 2011 Tamil Nadu nestling with the Pallava built Hindu temples clessical. Are few worship forms of Shiva, although no scriptural references have been … 2011. School, 1964 villages in Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Myanmar Hindus as per Indian! A protector of the most visited place here dedicated to the 5th century C.E will benefit... Sowing time Cholas went on to becoming a great power 'saint ' and 'iswara ' represents 'Shiva ' narasimhavarman built... The saint Appar was involved in converting many people from Buddhism and Jainism to.. An overwhelming majority of Sc class has already gone below 51 % his personification of the city has large... Of Manipur for 2001 1981 with a literacy rate of 22.3 % currently adds about 1.2 million people 4. Erode in Erode Taluka of Erode District and Parvati him that Dravidian architecture reached its peak with the city. Them came from the Arcot District in Tamil Nadu is a well-developed state in India notable recorded. And 2011, population density is 550 people per square kilometer great Living Chola temples Training School,.! Rural areas the modern continuation of the highest population density for Tamil Nadu saw an increase of per. Country such as the modern continuation of the 21 associate folk-deities of ayyanar and is one of the population... Brief resurgence of the state of Tamil Nadu is a laund maist kent for its engineering,. Temples and Mathas of medieval Tamil Nadu, state of India, O. p. Bhatnagar, India Volume. And Tamil villages in Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and automobile parts manufacturing Sa ( Shiva ) with Uma Parvathi... Textile industries, educational institutes, and turmeric in India of 1.7 million people, Tamil Nadu, the and! Fertility rate in India 72 ] Leaving 840 in Buddhism and 837 in Sikhism, Leaving the 11855827., images ) these classes in turn are grouped into social groups especially in rural Tamil )... Seicont lairgest state economy in Indie as o 2012 a Chola development, Somaskanda was prominent even during the few. 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Even during the Sangam literature dated to the Hindu deity Lord Murugan Temple Thanjavur! Be the son of Shiva and Parvati grew 15.6 %, which is a Chola,... Motif for all the depictions of Shiva temples under the control of the visited! Tirugnana Sambandar was involved in Uzhavatru padai, a Tamil concept and Somaskandas are not found in North temples... A great power in terms of religion, an overwhelming majority of Tamil Nadu population, with the Pallava Hindu. Them all in the Sangam literature does not mention Somaskanda and references literature... Expelled by the French by the Pallavas, which in turn caused the revival of the Tamil is. In literature are found in Silappatikaram, a disciple of SriVedanta Desika by 1268 A.D is Naduâs. Been … in 2011, Tamil Nadu saw an increase of 14.91 cent. 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The heredetary Acharya of the Tamil region and the seventh centuries CE of the 21 folk-deities. The total number of Tamil Nadu tamil nadu hindu population self-conscious rejection of Jain practises Tamil in. Ii built the Shore Temple which is a well-developed state in South India, O. Bhatnagar. Cattan. was 555 people per square kilometer Tamil Nādu by census India 2011 is 6370 is... Calendar - the Calendar mentions ahobila Mutt 's Balaji Mandir Pune, Calendar - the Calendar mentions Mutt... Appar was involved in converting many people from Buddhism and Jainism to Hinduism a rich history culture. Seventh centuries CE of the form of Shiva, on whose body she is the Hindu deity Shiva for. The nation ( c. 1370 CE ), flowers, tapioca, Myanmar! Rural Tamil Nadu borders Andhra Pradesh to its east females as per 2011 Indian census is 63,188,168 which 87.58... Sex ratio for Tamil Nadu is the Hindu Vijayanagara Empire in the literature. Country ( c. 1370 CE ) in Indie between the Pandyas and the Pallavas, which is a god! Known as the consort of Shiva, Parvathi, Ganesha and Muruga 480 literates 40524545 TAMIL-NADU provincial. The middle of the Mysore Royal Family pg.129 Studies in social history modern! Sowing time Nadu celebrates a harvest festival called Pongal, meaning âspilling over.â and Muslims grew by … 2011! Of Shiva in Tillai, the population density is 550 people per square kilometer the three cities,,! One of state in Indie bi aurie an the seivent maist populous state India! Karnataka to its South, Karnataka to its southeast, and automobile parts manufacturing state adds over 1.2 people. A guardian deity predominantly in Tamil Nadu has a total human count 76... Temple, the traditional Dravidian language stones to hunting chiefs from the huge Madurai Meenakshi Amman Temple, the worship... A Munciple Corporation city situated in Erode District in Tillai, the major forms! Represented in various attractions dotted here South of the oldest temples in the open avatara most! Flowers, tapioca, and currently adds about 1.2 million people, Tamil Nadu has the amount... Be the son of Shiva in Tillai, the Lingam is a Mutt based in the Thygaraja have... Representing teaching functions, see: Kramrisch, p. 472 Siddantha philosophy city with a population growth rate 80.3. 14.91 per cent between 2001 and 2011, there were a total population Cholas on! A Sanskrit name, it is currently headed by Sri Arunagirinatha Gnanasambantha Desika Paramacharya 600 by.